Symptoms of Kidney Disease
The early and late symptoms of kidney disease, which signs warrant attention, and when to seek medical advice.
Last updated: 2026-09-24
Kidney disease is frequently asymptomatic in its early stages, which is why it is often found late. Recognising the signs that do appear can prompt earlier testing.
Early signs
- Foamy urine (protein in the urine)
- Tiredness and difficulty concentrating
- Swelling around the eyes or ankles
- Waking at night to pass urine
Later signs
- Persistent leg swelling
- Poor appetite, nausea or a metallic taste
- Itching and dry skin
- Shortness of breath from fluid overload
Red flags
Little or no urine output, blood in the urine, severe flank pain, or sudden breathlessness require prompt medical attention.
Frequently asked questions
Where is kidney pain felt?
Usually in the flank, below the ribs, on one or both sides. Chronic kidney disease itself is typically painless.
Does foamy urine always mean kidney disease?
No, but persistent foam can indicate protein in the urine and should be checked.